Everything about Submediant totally explained
In
music, the
submediant is the sixth tonal degree of the
diatonic scale. It is so called because it's a step below the median
tonic, in contrast to the
mediant being a third above the tonic. It is the mediant of the
subdominant triad. In the C
major scale (white keys on a piano, starting on C), the submediant is the note A; and the submediant
chord uses the notes A, C, and E. In
music theory, the submediant chord is symbolized by the
Roman numeral vi if it's within the major mode (because it's a minor
triad, for example A-C-E in C major) or VI if it's within the minor mode (because it's a major triad, for example A♭-C-E♭ in C minor).
The submediant function is easily explained in reference to
jazz music, where it's used in the "ice cream change" or "blues for alice" progression, which moves from the
tonic through the submediant on the way to the ubiquitous
II-V-I Jazz sequence (part of the
cycle of fifths). The progression's consistency is amplified by the submediant's fifth-relationship above the
supertonic. This submediant role -- in which it essentially extends from the tonic as a way of "passing" to a subdominant (IV) or supertonic (II) harmony, is as common in popular and classical music as it's in jazz, or any other musical language related to Western European tonality.
"Submediant" also refers to a relationship of musical keys. For example, relative to the key of C major, the key of A major (or A minor) is the submediant. Modulation (change of key) to the submediant is relatively rare, compared with, say, modulation to the
dominant, and gives a feeling of relaxation.
Susan McClary says that modulation to the lowered submediant (in C: A♭) represents a dream-like state of escape.
In German theory derived from
Hugo Riemann the submediant in major is considered the
tonic parallel (US relative), Tp, and the minor the
subdominant parallel, sP.
Further Information
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